{"id":320,"date":"2008-06-20T16:47:49","date_gmt":"2008-06-20T07:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/osang1.zc.bz\/wp\/?p=320"},"modified":"2020-03-18T14:13:46","modified_gmt":"2020-03-18T05:13:46","slug":"2008-the-manifold-destiny-of-osang-gwon-eric-c-shiner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/osang.net\/wp\/texts\/essays\/2008-the-manifold-destiny-of-osang-gwon-eric-c-shiner","title":{"rendered":"2008, The Manifold Destiny of Osang Gwon, Eric C. Shiner"},"content":{"rendered":"
English<\/a> \/ Korean<\/a><\/h6>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

The Manifold Destiny of Osang Gwon<\/h2>\n
Eric C. Shiner, June 2008<\/h6>\n

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Korean artist Osang Gwon skillfully straddles the mediums of photography and sculpture in a rich and complex signature style that seems to nod to Pop Art, traditional still life painting and portraiture through a most contemporary vocabulary that finds its roots in such far-flung  philosophical underpinnings as the fractured bodies of world history, the sutured surfaces of Dadaist collage and the mise en sc\u00e8ne <\/i>fabrications of the stage.  And in hypothesizing that Gwon\u2019s work is staged<\/i> in purely theatrical terms, one may view his multilayered constructions as hybrid images that encapsulate both leading role<\/i> and backdrop<\/i> under the unified rubric of vision<\/i>, for we indeed see a narrative unfold (and fold unto itself) before in space us as our eyes skim the pieced-together skins and veneers of his most intellectual and aesthetic endeavors.  Put simply, Osang Gwon redefines the ways our eyes understand that which normally plays out before them; he mimics reality through restructuring it, at times making the two-dimensional three and the three-dimensional two, and all the while allowing the cracks of his labor to show.<\/p>\n

Indeed, restructuring the collective vision of a given time and place is nothing new to the history of art.  The Impressionists re-envisioned the reality of an ever-accelerating society as laid out by the Industrial Revolution and its churning motors that forever instilled a blurring speed to the landscape as viewed from a chugging locomotive\u2019s compartments.  The Dadaists forced their audiences to revel in the mundane and the absurd, to in fact redefine both visually and theoretically what value <\/i>an ascribed work of art, often in the form of a ready-made object or pieced together collage, would hold once presented as such.  Further, the Surrealists created landscapes of the far reaches of the mind, environs of pure whimsy and decay that could never exist in reality, yet that fully reflected the war-stricken nature of the moment.  Decades later, the Abstract Expressionists boiled the act of making art down to rhythmic gesture and the unconscious mind; no longer was it necessary for art to be figurative or representative\u2014now the motions and emotions of paint itself were enough to hold muster, and indeed to take over all that preceded it.  Still yet, Pop Art, Minimalism and the dozens of other artistic movements that have arisen over the past 50 years all in their own way reordered our collective vision.  Yet again, and in a truly novel light, Osang Gwon has combined aspects of nearly all of the above-noted \u201cisms\u201d of art history into a personal style that relies on the canon, just as much as it rewrites, challenges and undermines it in equal measure.<\/p>\n

And although his work is not easily categorized under the overarching headings of Photography or Sculpture, it somehow lives between the two, simultaneously inhabiting<\/i> and being <\/i>the crack which divides these powerhouse monikers of the house of art.  Returning to the theatrical base of Gwon\u2019s work, it might best be said that, as in his much discussed \u201cDeodorant Type\u201d series, he creates actors upon a stage (here the gallery) in pieced-together photographic constructs in an attempt to develop a slightly \u201coff\u201d character that is positioned well beyond the core demeanor of his very real models that he shoots from head to toe in a deeply intimate photographic exploration of the entire human form and all of its decorative trappings.  Both literally and figuratively, Gwon builds <\/i>his characters from scratch, picture by picture, as though a modern day Dr. Frankenstein hell-bent on creating new life from whence there was none.  The developed paper upon which a graft of skin here or a swatch of fabric there is captured becomes the basic building block with which Gwon endeavors to recreate life, yet certainly not in its original form.  The collage work of Claude Cahun from the 1930s certainly comes to mind, set as she was on giving birth to alternate bodies in her work, all to subvert the status quo.  And yet Osang Gwon jettisons attempts at subversion in favor of critique; for him, the actors which he births into the reified realm of art are everyman<\/i>, the common shopper in one case, a pensive woman in another.  By serving up that which is supposed to be commonplace, and yet scarred and clearly not<\/i> natural, he urges the viewer to realize that life and all of its social components\u2014from the clothes we wear, the things we buy and the way we hold ourselves\u2014are social constructs which are learned, dedicated to memory and re-performed on a daily basis.  In fact, the title of the series comes from Gwon\u2019s fascination with the marketing of Western deodorants in Asia, a place where only a small fraction of the population has a problem with body odor.  Deodorant, then, is out of place in Asia, even though it is readily available. Extending this further, he thus makes us question the skin we are in, both canonizing and critiquing the au currant <\/i>aspects of life\u2014force-fed as they are\u2014in the early 21st<\/sup>-century.<\/p>\n

Fashion certainly plays a primary role in Gwon\u2019s production, but his work is not simply an attempt to provide a glimpse of urban street style.  Politics, too, I would venture, is at play here.  Thanks to the ever-present fissures and seams that mark the points of contact between the hundreds of photographs that compose his figures\u2019 corporeal forms, an ever-present sense of violence and trauma is embedded in the glossy veneers of Gwon\u2019s actors.  And certainly the notions of war, terrorism and global security are nothing new to us, embroiled as our current world is in conflict and military maneuvers.  Whether it be the reality of broken bodies on the field of combat, or those in the midst of our urban centers when a terrorist\u2019s bomb maims, imagery of broken bodies<\/i> has become standard issue in mainstream news outlets, and unfortunately on a near daily basis.  By literally presenting scarred forms that seem to have been pieced back together again a la Humpty Dumpty or Shelley\u2019s famed monster, Osang Gwon both acknowledges the lived tragedies of our times and provides hope that things might one day get better and come back to some (albeit imperfect) sense of normalcy.<\/p>\n

Gwon\u2019s critical stance on vision and materiality also plays out in his series \u201cThe Flat.\u201d   With imagery culled from the editorials and advertisements of high-end fashion magazines, Gwon creates an apparently flat wall of luxury<\/i> repeatedly throughout the series.  Whether it be fabulously expensive watches, luxury perfumes and creams, or jewels and baubles of exorbitant cost, works in \u201cThe Flat\u201d become fields<\/i> of consumerism writ large as the entire picture plane becomes completely populated with the markers of excess and brand-name logos.  This is of course nothing new in an age where contemporary artists like Japanese wunderkind Takashi Murakami and American art star Richard Prince help the venerable French luxury retailer Louis Vuitton sell its high-priced purses with their much-sought-after designs.  Yet, Osang Gwon is not interested in creating new motifs for commercial applications; it is the products themselves that he takes up to address the sheer saturation<\/i> of life today with brand logos and must-have accessories.  And although his photographs appear to be collaged assemblages of all-out consumption, they are actually sculptures first and foremost.  For, in fact, Gwon creates stand-up cut-outs of each item\u2014blown up to super-size\u2014and arranges them in a large space in his studio, stretching out and back several feet in all directions.  By placing the camera directly in front of and on the same level as his constructed sea of conspicuous consumption, Gwon achieves a flat picture where all products appear to be on the same plane, when in fact they originally occupied a variety of positions and sizes in real space.  Again, Gwon subverts our known reference points to visually accessing imagery, forcing us to question that before our eyes.  As a critique of the upper echelons of the retail world, \u201cThe Flat\u201d series might inspire us to think twice about spending too much on the latest fad, or in some cases might compel us to dive right in and buy, such is the sheer beauty of the glowing bounty contained within.  Yet, and more importantly, the series makes us question the concept of materiality<\/i> itself; both in terms of the materials <\/i>from which a work of art are made as well as the materialism<\/i> of life in the world today.  Osang Gwon serves up this series in the language<\/i> of advertisements and display; the way we choose to read it is purely individual and based primarily on our own predilections\u2014and spending habits.<\/p>\n

As discussed earlier, Gwon\u2019s work somehow presents objects as both primary actors and<\/i> prime components of the sets upon which they play.  Especially with \u201cThe Flat\u201d series, individual items may populate the picture-sculpture, but taken together, they become pure wallpaper, a stage set of all-out glitz.  In much the same vein, characters in the \u201cDeodorant Type\u201d series may appear to be stand-alone identities, but thanks to the very nature of their piecemeal construction they ultimately appear arranged, as though they are carefully thought-out backdrops against which living and breathing bodies (i.e. the viewer) might play out their own actions.  It seems then that Gwon is very aware of the interactions<\/i> that his viewers will inevitably have with his work, whether fantasizing about being broken down component by component and then being rebuilt, or being set adrift on a window-shopping spree that can only result in the purchase of art, not the cardboard shells of haute culture\/couture<\/i> from which they are made.<\/p>\n

And in the end, we must realize, especially in today\u2019s markets where art prices continue their upward climb, that in almost all aspects of life, our vision, and by extension, our judgment, often has strings (with price tags) attached.  Osang Gwon is fully aware of this unavoidable component of the contemporary art world, and in his quest for describing and redefining the materiality of art, he inevitably reformulates the ways in which we see<\/i> it.  Indeed, in his series \u201cThe Sculpture,\u201d he once again undermines our gaze by presenting us with luxury cars and their motors served up in candy-coated Technicolor, when in fact these very plastic-looking models are actually made from bronze which is then painted over with bursting hues.  For example, The Sculpture 5<\/i> (2005) is a life-size bright orange Lamborghini that seems to still be wet thanks to its glistening\u2014and lumpy, as in freshly modeled<\/i>\u2014surface.  Only when the viewer reads the label or sneaks a touch does she realize that the car is in fact made from the most traditional of high art sculptural materials, bronze.  Here too, Osong Gwon throws us a conceptual curve ball, tricking our eyes to believe one thing, when, in actuality, something quite the opposite is true.<\/p>\n

Thus thinking about Gwon\u2019s work and all of its exquisite complexity, only a small portion of which I discussed above, it might be best to catalogue his work under the more apt concept of the manifold<\/i> in lieu of such terminology as Photography or Sculpture.  For in physics, the manifold is best described as that which allows complicated structures to be understood through simpler more common-place spaces<\/i>.  And that is exactly what Osang Gwon is attempting to do in his work, folding, manipulating and displaying a litany of complicated concepts as far-ranging as history, economics, materiality and human nature in a universal container that both mimics, and yet always and forever subverts, that which we think, or thought, we knew as truth.  And in so doing, like the innovators who came before him, Osang Gwon gives us a new way of seeing, and indeed of knowing, the world around us.<\/p>\n

 <\/i><\/p>\n

\n
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Eric C. Shiner<\/i> is an independent curator and art historian specializing in Asian contemporary art.  His scholarly focus is on the concept of bodily transformation in postwar Japanese photography, painting and performance art. Shiner was an assistant curator of the Yokohama Triennale 2001, Japan\u2019s first ever large-scale exhibition of international contemporary art, the curator of Making a Home:  Japanese Contemporary Artists in New <\/i>York at Japan Society in 2007 and  the co-curator of the exhibition Simulasian <\/i>at the inaugural Asian Contemporary Art Fair, New York in November 2007. He is an active writer and translator, a contributing editor for Art AsiaPacific magazine, and an adjunct professor of Asian art history at Cooper Union, Pace University and Stony Brook University.<\/h6>\n<\/div>\n

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\uc5d0\ub9ad\uc0e4\uc774\ub108(Eric C. Shiner), 2008\ub144 6\uc6d4<\/h6>\n

\ud55c\uad6d\uc791\uac00 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \ud45c\ud604\ud615\uc2dd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud31d\uc544\ud2b8, \uc804\ud1b5\uc801 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc758 \uc815\ubb3c\ud654, \uc778\ubb3c\uc0ac\uc9c4\uc5d0 \uc0c1\uc751\ud558\ub294 \ub4ef\ud55c \ubcf5\ud569\uc801\uc774\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc9c4\uacfc \uc870\uac01\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub450 \ub9e4\uccb4 \uc0ac\uc774\ub97c \ub2a5\uc218\ub2a5\ub780\ud558\uac8c \ub118\ub098\ub4e4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c \uc791\ud488\uc758 \ud45c\ud604\ud615\uc2dd\uc740 \uc138\uacc4\uc0ac\uc758 \ud30c\ud3b8\uc801\uc778 \ub0b4\uc6a9, \ub2e4\ub2e4\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uaf34\ub77c\uc96c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ff\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc744 \uc774\uc5b4 \ubd99\uc778 \ud754\uc801, \ubbf8\uc7a5\uc13c \uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \ub110\ub9ac \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \ucca0\ud559\uc801 \ud1a0\ub300\uc5d0 \uadf8 \ubfcc\ub9ac\ub97c \ub450\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc5f0\uadf9\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc6a9\uc5b4\ub97c \ube4c\uc5b4 \uadf8\uc758 \uc791\ud488\uc744 \u2018\uc0c1\uc601\ub418\ub294 \uac83\u2019\uc774\ub77c \uac00\uc815\ud574\ubcf4\uba74, \uad00\ub78c\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ud558\uc774\ube0c\ub9ac\ub4dc \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0 \uc989 \ud63c\uc131\uc801\uc778 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc791\ud488\uc758 \ub2e4\uce35\ud654 \ub41c \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc778\uc9c0\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub2e4\uce35\ud654 \ub41c \uad6c\uc870\ub294 \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \ub2e8\uc77c\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc2dc\uac01\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc8fc\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\uc5f0\ubc30\uc6b0\uc640 \uc138\ud2b8\ubc30\uacbd \ubaa8\ub450\uac00 \ud55c\ub370 \uc5ee\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc65c\ub0d0\ud558\uba74 \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub208\uc740 \uc0ac\uc9c4 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud45c\uba74\uacfc \uc791\uac00\uc758 \uc9c0\uc801\uc774\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubbf8\ud559\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\ub3c4\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ubb3c\uc778 \ubca0\ub2c8\uc5b4\ub97c \ud6d1\uc5b4\ubcf4\uba74\uc11c, \ub208\uc55e\uc5d0 \ud3bc\uccd0\uc9c4 \uac83\uc5d0 \ub0b4\ub7ec\ud2f0\ube0c\uac00 \ub0b4\ud3ec\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub358\uc9c0 \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub358\uc9c0 \uac04\uc5d0 \uadf8 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \ub0b4\ub7ec\ud2f0\ube0c\ub97c \uc77d\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub824 \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub9d0\ud574 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \uad00\ub78c\uc790\uc758 \ub208\uc774 \ubca0\ub2c8\uc5b4\ub098 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc870\uac01\ub4e4\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc791\ud488 \ud45c\uba74\uc744 \ubc14\ub77c\ubcf4\uba74\uc11c \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc7ac\uc815\uc758 \ud558\uace0\uc790 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ub54c\ub54c\ub85c 2\ucc28\uc6d0\uc801 3\ucc28\uc6d0\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uacfc 3\ucc28\uc6d0\uc801 2\ucc28\uc6d0\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0 \uc791\uac00\uc758 \ud754\uc801\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\uc5b4 \ubd99\uc778 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ud2c8\uc744 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uad00\ub78c\uc790\uc758 \uc2dc\uc120\uc774 \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud558\uba70 \ud604\uc2e4\uc744 \uc870\ub871\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc2dc\uac04\uacfc \uc7a5\uc18c\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd1d\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uac01\uc744 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ubbf8\uc220\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ube44\ucd94\uc5b4 \ubcfc \ub54c \uadf8\ub9ac \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub294 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc778\uc0c1\ud30c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0b0\uc5c5\ud601\uba85\uacfc \uc7ac\ube60\ub974\uac8c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00\ub294 \ubaa8\ud130\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \ubcc0\ud654\ud574\ub098\uac00\ub294 \uc0ac\ud68c\ud604\uc2e4\uc744 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc18d\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc2dc\uae08 \uadf8\ub824\ub0c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud604\uc2e4\uc740 \uae30\ucc28\uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub0b4\uba70 \ub2ec\ub9ac\ub294 \uae30\uad00\ucc28 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc9c0\ub294 \uc7ac\ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc2a4\uccd0\uc9c0\ub098\uac00\ub294 \ud750\ub9bf\ud55c \ud48d\uacbd\uc774 \uc11c\uc11c\ud788 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uc775\uc219\ud574\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub2e4\uc774\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub4e4\uc740 \uad00\uac1d\ub4e4\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \ud3c9\ubc94\ud568\uacfc \ubd80\uc870\ub9ac\ud568\uc744 \ubc1d\ud788\uace0, \ub808\ub514\uba54\uc774\ub4dc \uc624\ube0c\uc81c\ub098 \uc791\uc740 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc744 \ud55c\ub370 \ubaa8\uc740 \uaf34\ub77c\uc96c\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774 \uc608\uc220\uc791\ud488\uc774\ub77c \uac04\uc8fc\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc758 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc774\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc815\uc758 \ud574\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\ub3c4\ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uac8c\ub2e4\uac00 \ucd08\ud604\uc2e4\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc77c\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uae30\ubd84\uc774\ub098 \uc774\uac83\uc758 \uc1e0\ud1f4\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc8fc\ub294 \uc758\uc2dd \uc544\ub798\uc758 \uc0ac\uc720\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub294 \uac83\ub4e4\uc744 \ud45c\ud604\ud574\ub0c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uacb0\ucf54 \ud604\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc874\uc7ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \uc21c\uac04 \uc804\uc7c1\uc758 \uacf5\ud3ec\uc5d0 \uc0ac\ub85c\uc7a1\ud78c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 10\ub144 \ub4a4 \ucd94\uc0c1\ud45c\ud604\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc608\uc220\uc791\ud488\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ud589\uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9ac\ub4dc\ubbf8\uceec\ud55c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784\uacfc \ubb34\uc758\uc2dd\uc801\uc778 \uc2ec\uc0c1\uc744 \uc774\ub04c\uc5b4\ub0b4\uace0\uc790 \ud558\uc600\ub2e4. \uc608\uc220\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00\ub97c \ube44\uc720\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc7ac\ud604\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uadf8\ub9bc \uadf8\ub9ac\ub294 \ud589\uc704 \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\uc758 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ud31d\uc544\ud2b8, \ubbf8\ub2c8\uba40\ub9ac\uc998, \uadf8 \ubc16\uc758 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc608\uc220\uc0ac\uc801 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784\uc740 \uc9c0\ub09c 50\ub144\uc774 \ub118\ub294 \uc138\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ucd1d\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uac01\uc744 \uc7ac\ubc30\uc5f4\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \ub3c5\uc790\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ucc3e\uc544\uc654\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc9c4\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ucc38\uc2e0\ud55c \ube5b\uc904\uae30\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8\uae09\ud55c \u201c\uc608\uc220\uc0ac\uc801 \uc0ac\uc870(-ism)\u201d \ub4e4\uacfc \uc791\uac00 \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\uc744 \uacb0\ud569\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uaddc\uce59\uc778 \uce90\ub17c\uc744 \uace0\uc218\ub294 \ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud0dc\ub86d\uac8c \ud558\uc5ec \uce90\ub17c\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc368\ub0b4\ub824\uac08 \ub9cc\ud07c\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ube44\ub85d \uadf8\uc758 \uc791\ud488\uc740 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc774\ub098 \uc870\uac01 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc601\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc27d\uc0ac\ub9ac \ubd84\ub958\ub420 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc608\uc220\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud070 \uc9c0\ubd95 \uc544\ub798 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uacfc \uc870\uac01\uc744 \uad6c\ubcc4\ud558\ub294 \ud2c8 \uc0ac\uc774 \uc989 \ub450 \uc601\uc5ed \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc2dc \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1 \uc791\ud488\uc758 \uc5f0\uadf9\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\uc544\uac00 \ubcf4\uba74, \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uac00\uc7a5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ud68c\uc790\ub418\ub294 \u201c\ub370\uc624\ub3c4\ub780\ud2b8 \ud0c0\uc785(Deodorant Type)\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\ub294 \uac24\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \ubb34\ub300 \uc704\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc9c4 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc744 \ud55c\ub370 \ubaa8\uc544 \ub9cc\ub4e0 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc801 \uad6c\uc870\ubb3c\ub85c \ub41c \ubc30\uc6b0\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ub2a5\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ud3ec\uc988\ub97c \ucde8\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc640\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \uc870\uae08 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc778\ubb3c\ub85c, \uba38\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc804\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \uc637\ucc28\ub9bc\uc774 \uc798 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub3c4\ub85d \uc0c1\uc138\ud558\uac8c \ucd2c\uc601\ub41c \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc838\uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \ucd2c\uc601\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc744 \uc5bb\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \ubaa8\uc544 \uce90\ub9ad\ud130\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub294\ub370, \uadf8\ub294 \ub9c8\uce58 \uc544\ubb34\uac83\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \ucc3d\uc870\ud574\ub0b4\ub9ac\ub77c \uacb0\uc2ec\ud55c \ud604\ub300\ud310 \ud504\ub7ad\ud06c\uc288\ud0c0\uc778\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4. \uc778\ud654\ub41c \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc740 \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \uc7ac\ucc3d\uc870\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uc791\uac00\uc758 \ub178\ub825\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uac74\ubb3c\uc744 \uc313\uc544 \uc62c\ub9ac\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uae30\ucd08\ubcbd\ub3cc\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0\ub9cc \ubd84\uba85 \uc6d0\ub798 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c\uc758 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 1930\ub144\ub300 \ud074\ub85c\ub4dc \uce74\ud6c8(Claude Cahun)\uc758 \uaf34\ub77c\uc96c \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \ub5a0\uc624\ub974\uac8c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uce74\ud6c8\uc740 \uc791\ud488 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc131\ubcc4\uc774 \uc5c7\uac08\ub9ac\ub3c4\ub85d \ubd84\uc7a5\ud558\uc5ec \uc131\ubcc4\uc774 \ubaa8\ud638\ud574\uc838\ubc84\ub9b0 \uc2e0\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud574\uc90c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud604\uc7ac \uadf8\ub300\ub85c\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc804\ubcf5\uc2dc\ud0a8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ube44\ud3c9\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \uc804\ubcf5\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc5d0\uac8c \uc788\uc5b4 \uc608\uc220\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc601\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \ubd88\uc5b4 \ub123\uc5b4\uc8fc\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774 \uc791\ud488 \uc18d \ubc30\uc6b0\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc1fc\ud551\uac1d\uc774\ub098 \uc0dd\uac01\uc5d0 \uc7a0\uae34 \uc5ec\uc790\ub3c4 \uadf8\uc758 \ubc30\uc6b0\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud3c9\ubc94\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \ud754\uc801\uc774 \ub0a8\uc544\uc788\ub294 \uacb0\ucf54 \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7fd\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ub300\uc0c1\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud574\uc90c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uad00\ub78c\uc790\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \uc778\uc0dd\uacfc \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uc0b0\ubb3c\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc790\uac01\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\ub3c4\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc785\ub294 \uc637, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc18c\ube44\ud558\ub294 \uac83, \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud574\uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc774 \ud559\uc2b5\ub418\uace0 \uac01\uc778\ub418\uc5b4 \ub9e4\uc77c\ub9e4\uc77c \ubc18\ubcf5\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \ub370\uc624\ub3c4\ub780\ud2b8 \ud0c0\uc785 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uc758 \uc81c\ubaa9 \u2018\ub370\uc624\ub3c4\ub780\ud2b8\u2019\ub294 \uc778\uad6c\uc758 \uc18c\uc218\ub9cc\uc774 \uccb4\ucde8 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uace0\ubbfc\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc11c\uc591 \ubc29\ucde8\uc81c \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc791\uac00\uc758 \uad00\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ub86f\ub41c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ube44\ub85d \ubc29\ucde8\uc81c\uac00 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uc788\uc744\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc778\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc880 \uac70\ub9ac\uac10\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \uc880 \ub354 \ud655\uc7a5\ud574\uc11c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcf4\uba74, \uc791\uac00\ub294 21\uc138\uae30\ub97c \uc0b4\uc544\uac00\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \uc77c\uc0c1\uc758 \ud3c9\ubc94\ud55c \uce21\uba74\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud574\ubcf4\uace0 \uaddc\ubc94\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub824\ub294 \uc77c\ud658\uc73c\ub85c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub97c \uac10\uc2f8\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ud53c\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\ub3c4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc758 \uc791\ud488\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\uc158\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud788 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uac70\ub9ac\uc758 \ud328\uc158 \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc77c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub824\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub108\ubb34 \uacfc\uac10\ud55c \ud574\uc11d\uc77c\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud328\uc158\uc5d0 \uc815\uce58\uc801 \ucc45\ub7b5\uc774 \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc9c4\ub2e4. \uc791\ud488\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \uc774\ub8e8\ub294 \uc218\ubc31 \uc7a5\uc758 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc744 \uc774\uc5b4 \ubd99\uc774\uba74\uc11c \uc0dd\uae34 \uac08\ub77c\uc9c4 \ud2c8\uacfc \uc774\uc5b4\ubd99\uc778 \uc790\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574, \ud3ed\ub825\uacfc \ud2b8\ub77c\uc6b0\ub9c8\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1 \uc791\ud488\uc758 \ubc30\uc6b0 \uc989 \uc778\ubb3c\uc0c1\uc758 \ubc18\uc9dd\uc774\ub294 \ubca0\ub2c8\uc5b4 \uc18d \uae4a\uc774 \uc0c8\uaca8\uc9c0\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc804\uc7c1, \ud14c\ub7ec\ub9ac\uc998, \uc138\uacc4 \uc548\uc804\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \uacb0\ucf54 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \ub0af\uc120 \uac83\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc65c\ub0d0\ud558\uba74 \ud604\uc2e4\uc138\uacc4\ub294 \uc804\uc7c1\uacfc \uad70\uc0ac\uc801 \uc804\ub7b5\uc73c\ub85c \ub4a4\uc5bd\ud600\uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc9c4 \uc870\uac01\uc744 \uc774\uc5b4\ubd99\uc778 \uc790\uad6d\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc791\uac00\uc758 \uc778\ubb3c\uc0c1\uc740 \uc804\uc7c1\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud30c\ud3b8\ud654\ub41c \uc2e0\uccb4 \ud639\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubcf5\ud310\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \ud14c\ub7ec\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758 \ud3ed\ud0c4\ud14c\ub7ec\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud30c\ud3b8\ud654\ub41c \uc2e4\uc81c\uc758 \uc2e0\uccb4\uc774\ub4e0 \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub4e0, \ud30c\ud3b8\ud654\ub41c \uc2e0\uccb4 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub294 \ubd88\ud589\ud788\ub3c4 \uac70\uc758 \ub9e4\uc77c \ub9e4\uc77c \uc774\uc288\ub85c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \uc8fc\uc694 \ub274\uc2a4 \ubc29\uc1a1\uad6d\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ub17c\uc810\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4\ubc84\ub838\ub2e4. \uc791\uac00\ub294 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc774 \ub2e4\uc2dc\uae08 \ud5d8\ud53c \ub364\ud53c(Humpty Dumpty)\ub098 \uba54\ub9ac \uc178\ub9ac(Marry W. Shelley)\uac00 \uc4f4 \uc18c\uc124 \uc18d \uad34\ubb3c \ud504\ub791\ucf04\uc288\ud0c0\uc778\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ubaa8\uc2b5\uc73c\ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\uc544\uac08 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc9c0\ub294 \uc774\uc5b4\ubd99\uc778 \ud754\uc801 \uc989 \ubd09\ud569\ub41c \uc790\uad6d\uc744 \uc788\ub294 \uadf8\ub300\ub85c \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0b4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \uc0b4\uc544\uc788\ub294 \ube44\uadf9\uc744 \uc790\uc778\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc5b8\uc820\uac00\ub294 \uc880 \ub354 \ub098\uc544\uc9c8 \uac83\uc774\uace0 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc815\uc0c1\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \ub418\ub3cc\uc544 \uac08 \uac83\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud76c\ub9dd\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub77c \uc0dd\uac01\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc2dc\uac01\uacfc \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc791\uac00\uc758 \ube44\ud310\uc801 \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub294 \u201c\ub354 \ud50c\ub7ab(The Flat)\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uae4c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uc5d0\uc11c \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \ucd5c\uace0\uae09 \ud328\uc158 \uc7a1\uc9c0\uc640 \uc0ac\uc124\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\uc740 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud638\ud654\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6cc \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \ud3c9\ud3c9\ud55c \ubcbd\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub098\uac04\ub2e4. \uc218\uc9d1\ud55c \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0ac\uce58\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc2dc\uacc4, \uac12\ube44\uc2fc \ud5a5\uc218\ub098 \ud06c\ub9bc, \uc5c4\uccad\ub09c \uac00\uaca9\ub300\uc758 \ubcf4\uc11d\uacfc \uc791\uc740 \uc7a5\uc2dd\ubb3c\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4. \u201c\ub354 \ud50c\ub7ab\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988 \uc791\ud488\uc740 \ud654\uba74 \uc804\uccb4\uac00 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc \ub85c\uace0\uc640 \uacfc\ub3c4\ud55c \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub4e4\ub85c \uac00\ub4dd \ucc2c \uc18c\ube44\uc790\uc911\uc2ec\uc8fc\uc758\uc758 \ucee4\ub2e4\ub780 \uacf5\ubb38\uc11c\ucc98\ub7fc \uc5ec\uaca8\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc694\uc998 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\uba85\uc138\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ud0c0\uce74\uc2dc \ubb34\ub77c\uce74\ubbf8(Takashi Murakami)\uc640 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc2a4\ud0c0\uc791\uac00 \ub9ac\ucc28\ub4dc \ud504\ub9b0\uc2a4(Richard Prince)\ub294 \ud504\ub791\uc2a4 \ub93c\ube44\ud1b5\uacfc \ud611\ub825\ud558\uc5ec \ud574\ub2f9 \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc\uc758 \uace0\uac00 \uc9c0\uac11\uc744 \ud310\ub9e4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1 \uc791\uac00\ub294 \uc0c1\uc5c5\uc801\uc778 \ubaa9\uc801\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubaa8\ud2f0\ube0c\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b4\ub294 \uac83\uc5d0\ub294 \ubcc4 \uad00\uc2ec\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ube0c\ub79c\ub4dc \ub85c\uace0\uc640 \ud544\uc218 \uc544\uc774\ud15c\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ub418\ub294 \uc545\uc138\uc11c\ub9ac\ub4e4\ub85c \uac00\ub4dd\ud55c \uadf8\uc758 \uc791\ud488\uc740 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \uc0b6\uc758 \ud3ec\ud654\uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud574\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ubb3c \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ube44\ub85d \uadf8\uc758 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc740 \uc644\uc804\ud55c \uc18c\ube44\uc7ac\uc758 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc774 \uaf34\ub77c\uc96c\ub418\uc5b4 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc791\ud488\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc77c\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4, \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc870\uac01\uc774\ub77c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \uac01\uac01\uc758 \ud655\ub300\ub41c \uc0ac\uc9c4\ub4e4\uc744 \uc624\ub824\ub0b4\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc0ac\ubc29\uc73c\ub85c \uba87 \ud53c\ud2b8\ub098 \ub418\ub294 \ub113\uc740 \uc2a4\ud29c\ub514\uc624 \uacf5\uac04\uc5d0 \uc138\uc6cc\uc11c \ubc30\uc5f4\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c \uce74\uba54\ub77c\ub97c \uc815\uba74\uc5d0 \ub450\uace0 \uc18c\ube44\uc7ac\uac00 \uc798 \ubcf4\uc774\ub3c4\ub85d \uad6c\uc131\ud574\ub193\uc740 \ub113\uc740 \uacf5\uac04\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ubcf4\uc774\ub3c4\ub85d \uce74\uba54\ub77c \uc575\uae00\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc791\uac00\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubb3c\uccb4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ud3c9\uba74 \uc704\uc5d0 \ub193\uc5ec\uc788\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \ud3c9\ud3c9\ud55c \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \uacf5\uac04\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud06c\uae30\ub97c \uac16\uace0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc704\uce58\uc5d0 \ub193\uc5ec\uc838 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc791\uac00\ub294 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc9c0\ub294 \uc2dc\uac01\uc801 \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uc804\ubcf5\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub4e4\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \ub208\uc55e\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc758\uad6c\uc2ec\uc744 \uac16\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\ub3c4\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8\uae09\ud588\ub358 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \uc791\ud488 \uc18d\uc5d0 \ubc30\uce58\ub41c \uc791\uc740 \uc138\uc0c1\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \u201c\ub354 \ud50c\ub7ab\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\ub294 \ucd5c\uc2e0 \uc720\ud589\uc744 \ucad3\uc544 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \uc18c\ube44\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud55c\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \uc791\ud488 \uc18d \uc18c\ube44\uc7ac\uc5d0 \ubab0\ub450\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uad6c\ub9e4\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \uc695\ub9dd\uc744 \uac16\ub3c4\ub85d \uc720\ub3c4\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \uc791\ud488 \uc18d \ub300\uc0c1\uc758 \uc808\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc544\ub984\ub2e4\uc6c0 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uc880 \ub354 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc774 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\ub294 \uc608\uc220\uc791\ud488\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub294 \ubb3c\uc9c8(materials)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc5b4, \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc8fc\uc758(materialism)\ub77c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uc640 \uc5f0\uad00\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc131(materiality)\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac1c\ub150 \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc758\ubb38\uc744 \ud488\uac8c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc791\uac00\ub294 \uad11\uace0\uc640 \ub514\uc2a4\ud50c\ub808\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc218\ub2e8\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \u201c\ub354 \ud50c\ub7ab\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\ub97c \uc804\uac1c\ud574\ub098\uac00\uace0 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc774 \uc791\ud488\uc744 \uc77d\uc5b4\ub098\uac00\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uc21c\uc804\ud788 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc774\uace0, \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc120\ud638\ub3c4\ub098 \uc18c\ube44\uc2b5\uad00\uc5d0 \uadfc\uac04\uc744 \ub450\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc55e\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc5b8\uae09\ud588\ub4ef\uc774, \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1 \uc791\uac00\ub294 \uc791\ud488\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub85c\uc11c \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5f0\uae30\ud558\ub294 \ubb34\ub300\uc758 \ucd5c\uace0\uc758 \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c\ub85c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \u201c\ub354 \ud50c\ub7ab\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uc0ac\ubb3c\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8\ub9bc \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub85c \ub41c \uc870\uac01\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\uac83\ub4e4\uc744 \ud55c\ub370 \ubaa8\uc73c\uba74 \uc644\uc804\ud55c \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ubcbd\uc9c0 \ud639\uc740 \ud604\ub780\ud55c \ubb34\ub300\uac00 \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uce21\uba74\uc5d0\uc11c, \u201c\ub370\uc624\ub3c4\ub780\ud2b8 \ud0c0\uc785\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uc758 \uc778\ubb3c\uc0c1\ub4e4\uc740 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc778 \uc544\uc774\ub374\ud2f0\ud2f0\ub97c \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc77c\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\uc758 \ub300\uc0c1\ub4e4\uc740 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \uc870\uac01\uc870\uac01\uc758 \ub2e8\ud3b8\uc801 \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uc544 \uc228\uc26c\ub294 \uc2e0\uccb4\uc778 \uad00\ub78c\uc790\uac00 \uadf8\ub4e4 \uc790\uc2e0\ub9cc\uc758 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ucde8\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \ub300\ube44\ub418\uba70 \ub9c8\uce58 \ubc30\uacbd\ucc98\ub7fc \uc5ec\uaca8\uc9c0\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc791\uac00\ub294 \uad00\ub78c\uc790\uac00 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc791\ud488\uacfc \ud53c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ub4ef\ud558\ub2e4. \uad00\ub78c\uc790\uac00 \ud30c\ud3b8\ud654\ub41c \uc870\uac01\uacfc \uc774\ub97c \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0c1\uc0c1\ud558\ub358\uc9c0, \ubb3c\uac74\uc740 \uc0ac\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uad6c\uacbd\ub9cc\ud558\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uad00\uc870\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc774\ub358\uc9c0 \uc774\ub294 \ud3c9\ubc94\ud55c \uace0\uae09\ubb38\ud654\uc758 \uaecd\ub370\uae30\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uc608\uc220\uc744 \ud5a5\uc720\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub0b3\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\ud488\uac00\uaca9\uc774 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \uc0c1\uc2b9\uace1\uc120\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ubc14\ub77c\ubcf4\ub294 \uc2dc\uac01\uacfc \ud310\ub2e8\uc740 \uc885\uc885 \uac00\uaca9\ud45c\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub048\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \uae68\ub2ec\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc740 \ud604\ub300\uc608\uc220\uc758 \ud53c\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c\ub97c \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc791\ud488\uc758 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc131\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uc7ac\uc815\uc758 \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub178\ub825\uc758 \uc77c\ud658\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ub78c\uc790\uac00 \uc608\uc220\uc791\ud488\uc744 \ubc14\ub77c\ubcf4\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub824 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc989 \u201c\ub354 \uc2a4\uceec\ud504\uccd0\u201d \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc988\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc55e\uc5d0 \ud654\ub824\ud55c \uc0c9\uacfc \ubc18\uc9dd\uc774\uac8c \ucf54\ud305\ub41c \uac12\ube44\uc2fc \ucc28\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88 \uad00\ub78c\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc751\uc2dc\ub97c \uc704\ud0dc\ub86d\uac8c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \ub300\uc0c1\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ube0c\ub860\uc988\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0 \uadf8 \uc704\uc5d0 \ud654\ub824\ud55c \uc0c9\uc774 \uc785\ud600\uc9c4 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc2e4\ubb3c \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \uc624\ub80c\uc9c0\uc0c9 \ub78c\ubcf4\ub974\uae30\ub2c8\uc778 The Sculpture 5<\/i> (2005)\ub294 \uc0c8\ub86d\uac8c \uc120\ubcf4\uc5ec\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubc18\uc9dd\uc774\ub294 \ud45c\uba74 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ud45c\uba74\uc758 \ud398\uc778\ud2b8\uac00 \ub9c8\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc778\ub2e4. \uad00\ub78c\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc124\uba85\uc744 \uc77d\uac70\ub098 \ubab0\ub798 \uc0b4\uc9dd \uc791\ud488\uc744 \ub9cc\uc838\ubcf4\uc558\uc744 \ub54c\ub9cc\uc774 \uc774 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28\uac00 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uace0\uae09\uc7ac\ub8cc\uc778 \ube0c\ub860\uc988\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uae68\ub2eb\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uc791\uac00\ub294 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub208\uc774 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc9c4\uc2e4\uacfc \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \ubbff\ub3c4\ub85d \uc18d\uc774\ub294 \ubcc0\ud654\uad6c\ub97c \ub358\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc758 \uc791\ud488\uacfc \uadf8 \uc815\uad50\ud55c \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcfc \ub54c, \ub0b4\uac00 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b8\uae09\ud55c \uac83\ub4e4\uc740 \uc544\uc8fc \uc791\uc740 \ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud558\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uadf8\uc758 \uc791\ud488\uc740 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc774\ub098 \uc870\uac01\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uce74\ud14c\uace0\ub9ac \ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac1c\ub150 \uc544\ub798 \ubd84\ub958\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1\ub354 \uc801\uc808\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ub41c\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\uc131\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \ub2e8\uc21c\ud558\uace0 \uc880 \ub354 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc27d\uac8c \uc11c\uc220\ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub41c\ub2e4. \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1\uc774 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \uacbd\uc81c\ud559, \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc131, \uc778\uac04\ubcf8\uc131\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\ub294 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc124\uba85\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ud3ec\uc7a5\ud558\uace0 \uc870\uc791\ud558\uc5ec \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub824\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc9c4\uc2e4\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubbff\uc5b4\uc654\uace0 \uc9c0\uae08\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uac83\ub4e4\uc744 \uc870\ub871\ud558\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc804\ubcf5\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uad8c\uc624\uc0c1 \uc791\uac00 \uc774\uc804\uc758 \uc120\uad6c\uc790\ub4e4\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud588\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc798 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\ubcc0 \uc138\uc0c1\uc774\ub098 \uc0ac\ubb3c\uc744 \ubc14\ub77c\ubcf4\ub294 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud574\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

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\uc5d0\ub9ad \uc0e4\uc774\ub108(Eric C. Shiner)\ub294 \ub3c5\ub9bd\ud050\ub808\uc774\ud130\uc774\uc790, \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \ud604\ub300\ubbf8\uc220\uc744 \uc804\uacf5\ud55c \ubbf8\uc220\uc0ac\uac00\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc804\ud6c4 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc758 \uc0ac\uc9c4\uc791\ud488, \ud68c\ud654, \ud37c\ud3ec\uba3c\uc2a4\uc5d0 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\ub294 \uc2e0\uccb4\ubcc0\ud615\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ud559\uad6c\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc0e4\uc774\ub108\ub294 \uc77c\ubcf8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f4\ub9b0 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \uad6d\uc81c\uc801 \ud604\ub300\ubbf8\uc220 \uc804\uc2dc\ud68c\uc778 2001 \uc694\ucf54\ud558\ub9c8 \ud2b8\ub9ac\uc5d4\ub0a0\ub808(Yokohama Triennale 2001)\uc758 \ubcf4\uc870\ud050\ub808\uc774\ud130(assistant curator)\uc600\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 2007\ub144 \uc7ac\ud32c \uc18c\uc0ac\uc774\uc5b4\ud2f0(Japan Society)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f4\ub9b0 Making a Home: Japanese Contemporary Artists in New York<\/i> \uc804\uc2dc\uc758 \ud050\ub808\uc774\ud130, 2007\ub144 \ub274\uc695\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\uc74c \uc5f4\ub9b0 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \ucee8\ud15c\ud37c\ub7ec\ub9ac \uc544\ud2b8 \ud398\uc5b4(Asian Contemporary Art Fair)\uc5d0\uc11c Simulasian <\/i>\uc804\uc2dc\uc758 \ud611\ub825\ud050\ub808\uc774\ud130(co-curator)\ub85c \uc77c\ud588\ub2e4. \ud604\uc7ac \uadf8\ub294 \ube44\ud3c9\uac00\uc774\uc790 \ubc88\uc5ed\uac00\ub85c \ud65c\ub3d9 \uc911\uc774\uba70 \uc544\ud2b8 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \ud37c\uc2dc\ud53d(Art Asia Pacific) \uc7a1\uc9c0\uc758 \uac1d\uc6d0\ud3b8\uc9d1\uc790, \ucfe0\ud37c \uc720\ub2c8\uc628 \ub300\ud559\uad50(Cooper Union), \ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ub300\ud559\uad50(Pace University), \uc2a4\ud1a0\ub2c8\ube0c\ub8e9\ub300\ud559\uad50(Stony Brook University)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc544\uc2dc\uc544 \ubbf8\uc220\uc0ac\ub97c \uac00\ub974\uce58\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc870\uad50\uc218\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub2e4.<\/h6>\n<\/div>\n